The only discussion of stochastic arts (nonrationalistic-trial-and-error) I can find in history, so far, στόχαστικὴ τέχνη, a very brief one, in Alexander of Aphrodisias, of all things, a commentator on Aristotle.
See Veronique Boudon, Katerina Ierodiakonou, etc.
Amazon.com: Quaestiones 2.16-3.15 (Ancient Commentators on Aristotle) (9780715626153): Of Aphrodisia
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Quaestiones 2.16-3.15 (Ancient Commentators on Aristotle) (9780715626153): Of Aphrodisias Alexander, Alexander of Aphrodisias, R.W. Sharples: Books
The first sentence of Aristotle’s Politics says that every community (or association) aims at — stochazetai– some good. It’s true he doesn’t call politics a techne.
And Socrates in Gorgias is distinguishes empeiriai which aim, are stochastic, from technai, which are precise.
p.s. I interpret empeiria and empeiriai as meaning trial-and-error in the Gorgias — empirical in an old sense (e.g. “base empirics” in Shakespeare.